Realidad y Simbología de la Montaña is the first issue of the CLYMA collection. This collection will be specialized on the study of Literary and Academic Ecocriticism. In this volume, twelve essays are complied. These articles analyze the mountains changeable reality: the difficult balance between the majestic permanence of its hills and summits, and the threat of erosion, exploitation, and degradation caused by human beings. At the same time, they also analyze experiences in the alpine territories during the vital development of human beings and, as a consequence, literary recreations of symbols illustrating the admiration or fear to its millennial majesty. In that sense, dystopian and resistance metaphors could be found (the creation of mountains of rubbish inside uncontrolled dumps or the overexposure of mountains to nuclear toxicity in projects such as that of the Yucca Mountain in the American state of Nevada), eulogies for its healing power and for the hard climb of mountaineers. Finally, how mountains communicate with us through symbols in a secular and hermeneutic language which should be interpreted is stressed. It is also important to get used to manage the interaction between nature and humans in order to restore the natural order of the things.